* Issues of clan (tribe), ethnicity, and nationhood have been at the forefront of intensely lived issues in Middle Eastern society from the beginning of history to the present day. The more state-based civilization advanced, the more such issues spread and deepened.
* Before the development of civilization, a largely free and natural life prevailed within the clan. This was also the case for women.
* The most brutal aspect of history after the enslavement of women was the gathering of slaves from the clans. The clans strove to free themselves from this issue by transforming into tribes and escalating their resistance.
* The Greek, Armenian, Assyrian, Arab, Persian, and Kurdish peoples chose their religion according to what aligned with their national interests. Some converted to Islam, while others became Christians. The Jewish people, however, were originally formed as a new religious and national formation.
* Despite the claims of the global order in its ideological visions, the hierarchical system did not prevail or function as a necessity of divine commands.
